如果有开窗函数建议用开窗。如果没有开窗可以使用

select * FROM `tb_pkdf_ods` a 

where (店,CHECK_DATE) in (

select t1.店,t1.CHECK_DATE from `tb_pkdf_ods` t1

left join `tb_pkdf_ods` t2

on t1.店=t2.店

and t1.CHECK_DATE>t2.CHECK_DATE

group by t1.店,t1.CHECK_DATE

having count(distinct t2.CHECK_DATE)<=3)

参考：

SQL中row_number() over（partition by)详解

https://blog.csdn.net/yilulvxing/article/details/85098273

开窗函数写法：

select * from (

select a.* ,

    row_number() over (partition by a.店名 order by a.CHECK_DATE desc) rn

FROM `tb_pkdf_ods` a

) where rn <=3